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老子思想的古今演变研究经历了“本土——全球”的发展路径。传统的老子思想研究集中在对老子作品的注疏、以及与其他思想的横向比较上,各注家在注疏《老子》的同时,也纷纷申说自己的主张,以至于在历史发展的过程中,老子思想演变为不同的分支流派,如道家、秦汉新道家、魏晋玄学、道教等等。这些流派在老子思想的基础上,对其演化、阐释,并敷衍成新学说。但是,随着老子思想被西方传教士传播至海外,老子思想的研究开始走上“全球化”的研究道路,老子思想呈现出各种不同的“话语形态”。同时异质文化和文明间的碰撞和互融为老子思想的发展和演变带来了新的契机。日、法、德、英、美、加拿大等国家的学者对老子思想做出了多元化的阐释。不同文化间的交流和对话使老子思想在反思自身的同时,也在进行着自觉的自我更新。本研究认为,老子思想的任何“话语形态”都是在特定历史文化语境下的产物。那么,在当今“文化全球化”的语境下,老子思想又会以怎样的面貌和形态呈现在世人面前呢?这是我们要努力尝试揭示的一个问题。
The study of the past and present evolution of Lao Tze’s thought has undergone a development path of “local-global”. The traditional research on Lao Tzu’s thought focuses on the annotation of Lao Tzu’s works, as well as the horizontal comparison with other thoughts. At the same time as annotating “Lao Tzu”, all the commentators also claim their own ideas, so that in the process of historical development, Lao Tzu’s thought evolved into different branch schools, such as Taoism, Qin and Han Taoists, Wei and Jin Metaphysics, Taoism and so on. These schools of thought, based on the evolution of her interpretation, and perfunctory into a new doctrine. However, as Lao Tze’s thought was spread overseas by western missionaries, the research of Lao Tze’s thought began to embark on the research path of “globalization.” Lao Tze’s thought showed a variety of different “discourse patterns.” At the same time, the collision and interaction between heterogeneous cultures and civilizations have brought new opportunities for the development and evolution of Laozi’s thought. Scholars from Japan, France, Germany, Britain, the United States, Canada and other countries made a pluralistic interpretation of Lao Tze’s thoughts. Communication and dialogue among different cultures made it possible for Lao Tzu to reflect on itself while at the same time consciously updating itself. This study argues that any “discourse morphology ” in Laozi’s thought is a product of a specific historical and cultural context. So, in the context of today’s “cultural globalization,” what kind of appearance and form of Lao-tzu will be presented to the world? This is an issue that we should try hard to reveal.