As text-oriented critical theories, both New Criticism and Structuralism pay much attention to the text itself which is regarded as a unity independent of other things beyond it, such as the author’s intention, the reader’s response, and the historical background, etc. Although both of the two theories attach importance to the text, they still differ from each other in the analytical methods of the text. New criticism tends to expose the organic unity and rich connotations of the text by analyzing its symbols, tension, paradox, and irony, etc. with the use of systematic theory, while Structuralism disintegrates a literary work into pairs of contradictory and related binary opposition and then integrates them into an organic whole. Through the analysis of the same text, Wuthering Heights, from the perspective of New Criticism as well as of Structuralism respectively, this essay will show the similarity and the difference of the two theories when they are used to interpret literary works. Wuthering Heights.