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●阶段特征鸦片战争的爆发,西方资本主义列强用毒品加炮舰打开了中国的大门,中国封建的社会开始走上了半殖民地半封建的道路。社会的急剧变化,直接影响着中国近代文化发展的轨道与进程。随着资本主义文化的传入,“先进的中国人,经过千辛万苦,向西方国家寻找真理”,他们用资本主义的方式思考中国的问题和前途,这必然对封建文化产生动摇。在西方文化冲击下,中国的先进知识分子勇于探索,推陈出新,使古老的中国文化获得了新生。五四运动中国文化进入新的发展阶段,马克思主义学说成为中国革命运动的指导思想,学习、宜传马克思主义是进步文化的主流。此时期不仅以救亡图存为重要内容,而且是追求光明抨击封建传统,揭露国民党的黑暗统治,反对日本侵略,使进步文化又增加了反帝、反投降、反侵略的内容,在同国民党的反动文化政策的斗争中,近代后期文化发展起来。
● Stage Features The outbreak of the Opium War. Western capitalist powers opened the gates of China with gunboats and gunboats. The Chinese feudal society began to embark on a semi-colonial and semi-feudal road. The rapid changes in society directly affect the track and progress of the development of modern Chinese culture. With the introduction of the capitalist culture, “advanced Chinese people, after untold hardships, have sought the truth from Western countries.” They used capitalism to think about China’s problems and their future. This will inevitably shake the feudal culture. Under the impact of Western culture, China’s advanced intellectuals are brave enough to explore and introduce new ones, so that the ancient Chinese culture has been reborn. May 4th Movement Chinese culture has entered a new stage of development. Marxism has become the guiding ideology of the Chinese revolutionary movement. Learning and passing on Marxism is the mainstream of progressive culture. At this time, not only save the map as an important content, but also pursued the light of attacking the feudal tradition, exposing the Kuomintang’s dark rule, opposing Japanese aggression, and increasing the progressive culture with anti-imperialist, anti-surrection, anti-aggression content, and in the reactionary culture of the Kuomintang. In the struggle of policy, late modern times culture developed.