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利用流变仪测定了表面活性剂水溶液的黏度,研究了不同添加剂对季铵盐gemini表面活性剂C12-2-C12.2Br水溶液的黏度调节情况。实验结果表明,C12-2-C12.2Br在水溶液中可以形成较大的棒状胶团,加入头基长度不同的阳离子表面活性剂,由于头基间的静电排斥作用使混合胶团中形成分子对的几何堆积因子P减小,形成了球状胶团,使C12-2-C12.2Br水溶液的黏度降低,加入普通表面活性剂对C12-2-C12.2Br的黏度降低的能力和效率顺序为C12TMABr>C12TBABr>C12TPABr>C12TEABr。相反,加入与C12-2-C12.2Br带相反电荷的阴离子表面活性剂或者无机盐,由于头基之间的静电吸引作用和压缩双电层作用,使表面活性剂分子的几何堆积因子增大,造成黏度增加。
The viscosities of surfactant aqueous solution were measured by rheometer, and the viscosity regulation of the aqueous solution of gemini surfactant C12-2-C12.2Br with different additives was studied. The experimental results show that C12-2-C12.2Br can form larger rod-shaped micelles in aqueous solution, and the addition of cationic surfactants with different head-length results in the formation of molecular pairs in the mixed micelles due to the electrostatic repulsion between the head groups Of the geometric packing factor P decreases, the formation of a spherical micelle, so that C12-2-C12.2Br aqueous solution of viscosity decreased by adding common surfactants on C12-2-C12.2Br viscosity reduction capacity and efficiency of the order of C12TMABr > C12TBABr> C12TPABr> C12TEABr. In contrast, addition of an anionic surfactant or inorganic salt of the opposite charge to C12-2-C12.2Br increases the geometric packing factor of the surfactant molecule due to the electrostatic attraction between the head groups and the compressed electric double layer , Resulting in increased viscosity.