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我国语言学研究,尤其是现代汉语语法研究,历来有两忌。一忌自立学派,二忌“不中不西”。这两大忌一直在冥冥之中窒息着现代汉语语法学的活力。最近,我们读到了安徽教育出版社出版的田申瑛先生的语法学著作《语法述要》,我们可以毫不忌讳地说,这是一部南派风格的语法专著,是一部将西方的语法学思想、体系加以咀嚼、消化吸收后,从汉语事实出发提出具有融贯中西特色的语法理论的专著。它体现了上海的语法学者继承文法革新讨论的优良传统,在建立“一般与特殊圆融无碍”(陈望道语)的汉民族语法体系上的积极的探索精神。拿《语法述要》同国内出版的其他一些现代汉语语法著作相比,它的与众不同之处主要表现在以下几个方面: 一、提出新范畴 由于历史的原因,目前汉语语法学所使用的从词类到句子成分的一整套范畴并不是从汉语事实中独立地概括出来的,而是借用西方语法的。这些范畴既为汉语语法体系的建立提供了便利,又因中西语言特质的差异而束缚着汉语语法分析的思路。诸如词类问题的讨论、主语宾语问题的讨论,及至“是”是不是动词?“能”“愿”是不是动词?这些问题在现有的西方语法范畴体系中都难以找到合适的位置,而问题的根本解决有利于突破现有的范畴,打开思路,实事求是地为汉语提出新的范畴。《语法?
My research on linguistics, especially the study of modern Chinese grammar, has always been a double bogey. Avoid self-reliance school, two bogey “not in the West.” These two taboo has been suffocating somehow the vitality of modern Chinese grammar. Recently, we read the grammar work “Synopsis of Grammar” published by Anhui Education Publishing House. We can say with no curse that this is a Southern style grammar monograph that is a combination of Western grammar Thought and system to chew, digest and absorb, then put forward the monograph with the grammatical theory of Chinese and Western characteristics from the facts of Chinese. It shows that the grammar scholars in Shanghai inherited the fine traditions of the discussion on grammatical reform and discussed the positive exploration spirit in establishing the grammar system of Han nationality with “general and special harmony” (Chen Wangdao language). Take the “grammar summary” Compared with other published works of modern Chinese grammar, its distinctive features mainly in the following aspects: First, the proposed new category For historical reasons, the current use of Chinese grammar The whole range of categories from the part of speech to the composition of the sentence is not summed up independently from the fact of Chinese but borrowed from the Western grammar. These categories not only facilitate the establishment of Chinese grammar system, but also constrain the thinking of Chinese grammar analysis due to the differences of Chinese and Western language traits. Such as the discussion of the part of speech, the discussion of the topic of the subject, and the question of whether the “yes” or “yes” is not a verb? These problems are hard to find a proper place in the existing western grammar category system, The fundamental solution is conducive to breaking through the existing categories, open up ideas, seek truth from facts for the Chinese put forward a new category. "grammar?