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目的掌握广西来宾市近10年孕产妇死亡变化趋势及影响因素,探讨应对干预措施,降低孕产妇死亡率,保障母婴健康。方法通过对来宾市全市三级妇幼卫生网络报表调出孕产妇死亡病例资料(孕产妇死亡卡),组织市孕产妇死亡评审专家进行评审,确定死因诊断。采用SPSS13.0统计软件对孕产妇死亡率及死因进行统计分析。结果全市孕产妇死亡率从2005年的54.51/10万下降到2014年的13.77/10万,10年下降40.74%,年均下降速率4.07%。经统计学处理,孕产妇死亡率呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。死因前4位依次为:羊水栓塞、产科出血、合并疾病、妊娠高血压(妊高症)。与10年前相比,羊水栓塞已由第2位上升至第1位。结论全市近10年孕产妇死亡率呈下降趋势,目前难以避免的羊水栓塞死亡呈上升趋势;但仍有超过50%的孕产妇死亡是可以避免的。因此仍要加强对孕产妇急救诊疗技术的业务培训,提高产科急救能力,尽量避免孕产妇死亡。
Objective To understand the trends and influencing factors of maternal mortality in Laibin, Guangxi during the past 10 years and to explore ways to cope with interventions to reduce maternal mortality and ensure maternal and infant health. Methods The data of maternal deaths (maternal death card) were transferred from the report of three levels of maternal and child health network in Laibin city. The maternal death review experts were organized to assess the cause of death. SPSS13.0 statistical software for maternal mortality and cause of death were statistically analyzed. Results The maternal mortality rate dropped from 54.51 / 100000 in 2005 to 13.77 / 100000 in 2014, down 40.74% in 10 years and the annual average rate of decrease was 4.07%. After statistical analysis, the maternal mortality rate showed a downward trend (P <0.05). The top four causes of death were as follows: amniotic fluid embolism, obstetric hemorrhage, combined disease, pregnancy-induced hypertension (pregnancy-induced hypertension). Amniotic fluid embolism rose from No. 2 to No. 1 compared with 10 years ago. Conclusion The maternal mortality rate in the recent 10 years shows a downward trend. The current unavoidable mortality rate of amniotic fluid embolism is on the rise. However, more than 50% of maternal deaths are still avoidable. Therefore, we still need to strengthen the professional training on maternal emergency diagnosis and treatment techniques, improve the obstetric emergency care capabilities, and try to avoid maternal deaths.