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离子液体是一种新型绿色溶剂,具有极低的蒸汽压,不易燃,液程宽,并具有良好的热稳定性,对水和许多有机溶剂具有良好的溶解性。这些性质使得离子液体成为反应过程、分离过程的新型溶剂,萃取剂或夹带剂。离子液体及其溶液的黏度对其在反应器和分离器中的流动、传热与传质过程有着重要的影响,是重要的基础物性数据之一。作者前期工作表明,离子液体乙基甲基咪唑磷酸二乙酯[EMIM][DEP]与水和乙醇构成的二元体系均表现出对拉乌尔定律显著的负偏差,有可能成为吸收制冷和吸收热泵新型工质溶液。本文采用一步法制备了离子液体乙基甲基咪唑磷酸二乙酯[EMIM][DEP],并对分离纯化后的样品[EMIM][DEP]进行核磁共振波谱仪分析,谱图数据与[EMIM][DEP]结构式相吻合。液相色谱分析其纯度为97.01%。采用品式黏度计对离子液体[EMIM][DEP]及其与水,乙醇和甲醇所构成的3个二元溶液体系的黏度分别进行了测量。分析研究了溶液的温度、离子液体的浓度对溶液黏度的影响规律。实验结果发现,常温下,离子液体[EMIM][DEP]的黏度为270mPa·s,是同温度下水的黏度的300倍。但随着溶液温度的升高和其它非离子液体组分(水、乙醇、甲醇)含量的增加,溶液黏度迅速降低。在此基础上,采用Arrhenius方程对离子液体[EMIM][DEP]与水、乙醇和甲醇所构成的3个二元体系的黏度实验数据进行了关联,并获得了相应的模型参数。黏度的实验值与计算值吻合较好,其平均相对误差分别为1.84%、4.60%和3.44%。
Ionic liquids are a new class of green solvents with extremely low vapor pressures, are non-flammable, have a wide range of liquids and have good thermal stability and good solubility in water and many organic solvents. These properties make the ionic liquid a novel solvent, extractant or entrainer for the reaction process and separation process. The viscosity of ionic liquids and their solutions has an important influence on the flow, heat transfer and mass transfer in reactors and separators, and is one of the important basic physical data. The author’s previous work shows that binary systems composed of ionic liquid ethylmethylimidazole diethylphosphonate [EMIM] [DEP] and water and ethanol all show a significant negative deviation from Raoult’s law, which may become a key factor in absorption and refrigeration Absorption heat pump new working fluid solution. In this paper, ionic liquid ethylmethylimidazole diethyl phosphate [EMIM] [DEP] was prepared by one-step method. The isolated and purified sample [EMIM] [DEP] was analyzed by 1H NMR spectroscopy. ] [DEP] structural formula match. Its purity was 97.01% by liquid chromatography. The viscosities of ionic liquid [EMIM] [DEP] and its three binary systems with water, ethanol and methanol were measured by a viscometer. The influence of solution temperature and ionic liquid concentration on solution viscosity was analyzed. The experimental results show that the viscosity of ionic liquid [EMIM] [DEP] is 270mPa · s at room temperature, which is 300 times of the viscosity of water at the same temperature. However, as the temperature of the solution increases and the content of other non-ionic liquids (water, ethanol, methanol) increases, the viscosity of the solution decreases rapidly. On this basis, the experimental data of three binary systems consisting of ionic liquid [EMIM] [DEP] and water, ethanol and methanol were correlated by Arrhenius equation and the corresponding model parameters were obtained. The experimental values of viscosity are in good agreement with the calculated ones, and the average relative errors are 1.84%, 4.60% and 3.44% respectively.