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目的了解务川仡佬族苗族自治县(以下简称务川自治县)2007-2014年水痘发病情况,为制定水痘疫情防控措施提供科学依据。方法对2007-2014年务川自治县报告的水痘病例及暴发疫情数据经Excel2003软件整理后,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2007-2014年务川自治县县共报告水痘798例,年均报告发病率为22.73/10万,年报告发病率在54.63/10万~2.86/10万之间,发病数逐年增高,到2014年达到最高,为54.63/10万。全县15个乡镇都有病例发生,以都濡镇发病为最多,男性发病高于女性,男∶女=2.01∶1,年龄分布以5岁以下儿童发病最高,占总病例数的44.86%,以夏季发病较多,占病例总数的41.23%,病例主要集中在学生和散居儿童,学生占42.36%。结论务川自治县水痘疫情主要发生在夏季和冬季,学生和散居儿童及幼托儿童是水痘的高发人群,发病逐年增高。要控制水痘疫情,必须加大水痘等二类疫苗的宣传力度,提高水痘疫苗的接种率,有效降低水痘的发病率。
Objective To understand the incidence of chickenpox in the Muanchuan Gelao and Miao Autonomous County (hereinafter referred to as Muanchuan Autonomous County) from 2007 to 2014 and provide a scientific basis for the development of prevention and control measures against the chickenpox epidemic. Methods The varicella cases and outbreak data reported in the county of Wawa in 2007-2014 were analyzed by software Excel2003 and described by epidemiological method. Results A total of 798 cases of chickenpox were reported in the county in the county from 2007 to 2014, with an average annual incidence rate of 22.73 / lakh and an annual incidence rate of 54.63 / lakh to 2.86 / lakh. The incidence increased year by year until 2014 Year reached the highest, 54.63 / 100,000. The county has 15 cases of towns and villages have occurred, the incidence of Du Ru Town is the most, the incidence of men than women, male: female = 2.01: 1, age distribution of children under 5 years of age the highest incidence, accounting for 44.86% of the total number of cases, More incidence in summer, accounting for 41.23% of the total number of cases, the cases mainly concentrated in students and diasporas, students accounted for 42.36%. Conclusions The epidemic situation of chickenpox in Wuchuan Autonomous County occurs mainly in summer and winter. Students and scattered children and preschool children are the high incidence of chickenpox, and their incidence is increasing year by year. In order to control the epidemic of chicken pox, we must step up the publicity efforts on the two types of vaccines such as chickenpox to increase the vaccination rate of chickenpox and effectively reduce the incidence of chickenpox.