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目的评价云南省楚雄市阻断血吸虫病传播综合措施效果。方法收集2004-2015年楚雄市血吸虫病综合防治措施和疫情资料,评价防治效果。结果 2004-2015年,楚雄市钉螺面积自27.78 hm~2下降到5.91 hm~2;钉螺密度自0.255只/框下降到0.008 9只/框,钉螺感染率一直保持为0。居民血吸虫病血清学阳性率持续下降;学生和居民的血防健康教育知晓率分别自94.61%、85.83%提高到98.78%、96.70%;血清阳性率与灭螺覆盖率呈显著负相关(r=-0.712,P<0.01),血清阳性率与钉螺面积呈显著正相关(r=0.851,P<0.01),人群血清阳性率与血防知晓率呈显著负相关(r=-0.757,P<0.01)。结论 2004-2015年楚雄市坚持以灭螺和人畜筛查化疗为主的血吸虫病综合防治措施,随着灭螺覆盖率的提高,钉螺面积逐年下降,钉螺感染率及人群血吸虫病感染率均保持为0,有效的阻断了血吸虫病的传播。
Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive measures to prevent schistosomiasis transmission in Chuxiong City, Yunnan Province. Methods The comprehensive prevention and control measures and epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in Chuxiong from 2004 to 2015 were collected to evaluate the control effect. Results From 2004 to 2015, the area of Oncomelania snails in Chuxiong decreased from 27.78 hm ~ 2 to 5.91 hm ~ 2. The density of Oncomelania snail decreased from 0.255 to 0.008 9 per box, and the infection rate of snails remained at zero. The serological positive rate of schistosomiasis of residents continued to decline. The awareness rate of schistosomiasis health education among students and residents increased from 94.61% and 85.83% to 98.78% and 96.70% respectively. There was a significant negative correlation between seroprevalence and snail coverage (r = (R = -0.757, P <0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between seroprevalence and snail area (r = 0.851, P <0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between seroprevalence and serum awareness (r = -0.757, P <0.01) Conclusion From 2004 to 2015, Chuxiong adheres to the comprehensive prevention and treatment measures of schistosomiasis with snail-feeding and human and animal screening and chemotherapy. With the improvement of snail coverage, the area of snail decreased year by year, and the infection rate of snail and the prevalence of schistosomiasis were all maintained 0, effectively blocking the spread of schistosomiasis.