自然灾害常常导致人员伤亡、财产损失、资源破坏,影响灾区社会生产与社会秩序。为了探析自然灾害,发展学生辩证思维和探究精神,高中地理教材将“自然灾害”列入重要内容。教师可科学客观地引导学生探析自然灾害的双重性。一、热带风暴(台风、飓风等)热带风暴是中心附近最大风力8级以上的热带气旋的统称,其中,中心附近最大风力12级及以上的称为台风或飓风。热带风暴的灾害性居十大自然灾害之首,其主要灾害由强风、特大暴雨和风暴潮造成。据统计,全球每年发生热带风暴和台风80个～100个,造成经济损失60亿～70亿美元和2万人丧生。最严重的是1970年11月袭击孟加拉国的热 Natural disasters often lead to human casualties, property damage and resource destruction, and affect the social production and social order in affected areas. In order to explore natural disasters and develop students’ dialectical thinking and exploration spirit, high school geography teaching materials will include “natural disaster” as an important content. Teachers can objectively guide students to explore the dual nature of natural disasters. 1. Tropical Storm (Typhoon, Hurricane, etc.) The tropical storm is a generic name for tropical cyclones with a maximum wind strength above Grade 8 near the center. Among these, tropical cyclones of magnitude 12 and above in the vicinity of the center are called typhoon or hurricane. Tropical catastrophes are among the top ten natural disasters and their major catastrophes are caused by strong winds, heavy rainfall and storm surges. According to statistics, 80 to 100 tropical storms and typhoons occur each year in the world, causing economic losses of 6 billion to 7 billion U.S. dollars and 20,000 deaths. The worst was the heat that hit Bangladesh in November 1970