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目的研究安徽省城乡哨点医院伤害发生类型(原因)的分布及变化特征,为制定相关干预策略提供依据。方法收集安徽省2006~2008年7个城乡监测点的21所哨点医院伤害监测数据,依据《全国伤害监测工作手册》的相关标准和定义统计分析。结果监测系统报告伤害例数逐年增加,而增幅逐年下降(17.1%→6.5%),系统有趋稳的迹象;伤害严重程度构成以轻度伤害为主(城市接近60%,农村超过70%),城市的中、重度伤害构成明显大于农村(P=0.000);城、乡成人伤害类型(原因)构成都以车祸、跌落伤和钝器伤为主,占70%以上(其中车祸占30%);城乡儿童青少年伤害类型(原因)分布特点是跌落伤比例很高,达40%以上,且有逐年升高的趋势;农村儿童青少年动物伤比例明显高于城市。结论应针对城乡交通事故伤害、儿童青少年跌落伤害及农村儿童青少年动物伤害制定预防策略。
Objective To study the distribution and change characteristics of the types of injuries in sentinel hospitals in urban and rural areas in Anhui Province, and to provide basis for making relevant intervention strategies. Methods The data of injury monitoring in 21 sentinel hospitals in 7 urban and rural monitoring sites in Anhui Province from 2006 to 2008 were collected and statistically analyzed according to the relevant standards and definitions of “National Injury Monitoring Workbook”. Results The number of cases reported by the monitoring system increased year by year while the increase declined year by year (17.1% → 6.5%), and the system showed signs of stabilization. The severity of the injuries was mainly mild injury (nearly 60% in cities and 70% in rural areas) (P = 0.000). The types of adult and urban injuries in urban and rural areas were mainly caused by car accidents, falls and blunt trauma, accounting for over 70% (of which car accidents accounted for 30% ). The types of injuries among urban and rural children and adolescents (causes) are characterized by a high proportion of drop injuries, reaching over 40%, and have been increasing year by year. The proportion of animal injuries among rural children and adolescents is significantly higher than that of urban areas. Conclusion Prevention strategies should be formulated for the injuries in urban and rural areas, the fall injuries of children and adolescents and the animal injuries in rural children and adolescents.