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污秽覆冰环境下绝缘子电气性能是输电线路外绝缘选择的基础。国内外在该领域开展了大量研究，然而关于覆冰程度对不同材质绝缘子交流闪络特性影响的对比研究较少。因此，在大型多功能人工气候室对瓷、玻璃和复合绝缘子进行交流覆冰闪络试验研究，对比分析覆冰程度对3种绝缘子交流冰闪特性的影响，并讨论覆冰程度不同表征方式之间的等价性关系。结果表明：3种绝缘子50%冰闪电压均随冰厚、覆冰质量和污秽的增加而下降；复合绝缘子受冰厚、覆冰质量的影响比瓷和玻璃绝缘子明显，其冰厚、覆冰质量影响特征指数略大于瓷和玻璃绝缘子；复合绝缘子污秽特征影响指数略小于瓷和玻璃绝缘子；绝缘子覆冰质量和监测导体冰厚均可表征绝缘子覆冰程度，且根据覆冰绝缘子串冰闪电压一致原则推导出两种表征覆冰程度参量的等价性关系。“,”The electrical performance of the insulators under freezing conditions is an important basis for the selection of external insulation of transmission lines in icing regions, and it has been extensively investigated by researchers in recent decades in the world. However, little research has been dedicated to the influence of icing degree on AC flashover performances of different types of iced insulators. Therefore, based on the investigations carried out in the artificial climate chamber, the influence of ice thickness and mass of ice on the ac flashover performance of porcelain, glass and composite insulators was analyzed in this paper, and the equivalent relationship between the two parameters of icing degree was studied. The results show the 50% flashover voltage of three types of insulators decreased with the increase of ice thickness, mass of ice and pollution. The effect of ice thickness and mass of ice on icing flashover voltage were slightly more apparent for composite insulator than porcelain and glass insulators, and the characteristic exponent characterizing the influence of ice thickness and mass of ice on the flashover voltage was obviously big for composite insulators. The characteristic exponent characterizing the influence of pollution on the flashover voltage was obviously small for composite insulators. The mass of the ice or the ice thickness of rolling conductor monitoring can be adopted to describe the icing degree of insulators, and the equivalent relation between them was analyzed according to the equivalent principle to the flashover voltage of iced-covered insulators.