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通过对小桥涵水毁的野外现场调研、室内模型试验及理论分析研究,文章以设计流量为基准,用实际降雨汇流流量与允许最大水深对应流量的比值作为小桥涵暴雨洪水灾害危险性的评价指标;选取涵(桥)位合理性、进出口形式、过流能力及养护水平作为小桥涵易损性的评价指标,提出了小桥涵易损性综合评价方法,并进行了各指标的等级划分。评价可为减轻公路小桥涵水毁灾害提供决策依据。
Based on field investigation, indoor model test and theoretical analysis of small bridges and culverts damaged by water, the paper takes the design flow rate as a benchmark, and takes the ratio of the actual rainfall confluence flow and the maximum allowable flow rate as the evaluation index of the storm and flood hazard of bridges and culverts In order to evaluate the vulnerability of small bridges and culverts, a comprehensive evaluation method for the vulnerability of small bridges and culverts is proposed and the grades of each index are classified according to the reasonableness of the culverts (bridges), import and export forms, overcurrent capacity and conservation level. Evaluation can provide decision-making basis for alleviating the disaster of highway bridges and culverts.