学术界对中国近代化进程的研究往往侧重于政治、思想、文化、伦理层面,忽略或不太注重从经济视角对中国近代化进程的探讨。实际上,自1840年鸦片战争,中国逐渐沦为半封建半殖民地境地,近代中国的爱国人士和先进分子为了抵御外国资本主义各国列强的侵略和摆脱贫穷落后的状况,针对当时社 The academic research on the process of China’s modernization often focuses on the political, ideological, cultural and ethical aspects, neglecting or not paying much attention to the discussion of the process of China’s modernization from an economic perspective. In fact, since the Opium War in 1840, China gradually became a semi-feudal and semi-colonial territory. In recent years, in order to resist aggression by foreign capitalist countries and to get rid of poverty and backwardness,