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现今,在金属矿床开采中,采用多种方法研究地质力学过程,如实地观测法、数学模型法以及物理模型法(包括相似材料模型、光弹模型、电解质材料模型)。这些方法当中,应用较多是以连续介质弹性理论(少数以蠕变理论)为基础的数学模型法,而且广泛采用了有限元法、大多数矿山主要是用卸压法和地球物理法(超声波法、地震声波法等)进行井下和地表实地观察。还有少量试验是使用相似材料模型(主要是重力场平面模型)、光弹模型(也主要是平面模型)
Today, many methods are used to study geomechanical processes such as field observations, mathematical modeling and physical modeling (including similar material models, photoelastic models, and electrolyte material models) in the mining of metal deposits. Among these methods, the more applied ones are the mathematical model methods based on the theory of continuum elasticity (a few of which are based on the creep theory), and the finite element method is widely used. Most of the mines use pressure relief and geophysical methods Method, seismic sound wave method, etc.) for underground and surface observation. There are a small number of tests that use similar material models (mainly gravitational field plane models), photoelastic models (also mainly planar models)