【目的】过度使用抗生素作为动物饲料添加剂,导致畜禽粪便已成为抗生素抗性基因的主要蓄积库,为了研究蝇蛆(Musca domestica)对猪粪中残留抗生素及抗性基因的影响,本文动态采集了实际农场条件下蝇蛆转化过程中猪粪堆体及虫体样本。【方法】利用q PCR,液相色谱-电喷雾质谱,同位素内标法,Illumina高通量测序以及局部相似性研究蝇蛆生物转化过程中残留抗生素降解效能及相关抗性基因组变化的微生物生态机制。【结果】6日周期内,猪粪中四环素、土霉素、金霉素、强力霉素、磺胺嘧啶、诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星、环丙沙星以及恩诺沙星等9种残留抗生素含量显著下降,累积减量为34.3%--58.1%,每日减量百分比介于7.8%-57.4%之间。猪粪中共检测到的158种抗性基因,其中有118种大幅衰减,衰减量平均达79.3%;23种抗性基因存在富集现象,富集倍数平均为3.48。在蝇蛆肠道的作用下,粪源微生物群落中Bacteroidetes相对丰度下降,Proteobacteria相对丰度增加,尤其是Ignatzschineria增幅最大。网络分析发现:抗性基因的增减与微生物群落的变化显著相关,与抗性基因衰减相关的微生物主要属于Clostridiales和Bacteroidales,而与抗性基因富集相关的微生物主要为Alcaligenaceae、[Weeksellaceae]及Bacillales。【结论】蝇蛆可有效削减猪粪中的残留抗生素及防控抗性基因向环境扩散。 【Objective】 Excessive use of antibiotics as animal feed additives led to the fact that livestock manure has become the main reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes. In order to study the effect of Musca domestica on residual antibiotics and resistance genes in pig manure, In the actual farm conditions maggot maggot transformation process of pig manure and insect body samples. 【Method】 Microbial ecological mechanisms of residual antibiotic degradation and related resistant genomic changes during maggot maggot bioconversion were studied by qPCR, liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, isotope internal standard method, Illumina high-throughput sequencing and local similarity . 【Result】 Nine kinds of tetracycline, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, doxycycline, sulfadiazine, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin Residual antibiotic content decreased significantly, cumulative reduction of 34.3% - 58.1%, daily reduction percentage ranged from 7.8% to 57.4%. Among the 158 resistance genes detected in pig manure, 118 of them showed a sharp decline with an average of 79.3% of the total attenuation. The 23 resistance genes were enriched, with an average enrichment multiple of 3.48. In the maggot intestinal tract, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes decreased, and the relative abundance of Proteobacteria increased especially in Ignatzschineria. The results of network analysis showed that the increase and decrease of resistance genes were significantly correlated with the changes of microbial communities. The microorganisms related to the attenuation of resistance genes mainly belonged to Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, while the microorganisms related to the enrichment of resistance genes were mainly Alcaligenaceae, [Weeksellaceae] and Bacillales. 【Conclusion】 The maggot can effectively reduce the residual antibiotics in pig manure and prevent and control the spread of resistance genes to the environment.