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目的：探讨在中国汉族人群中重症肌无力（ＭＧ）与ＨＬＡＩ类基因的关联性。方法：随机抽取了５９例重症肌无力患者的外周血ＤＮＡ，用聚合酶链式反应限制性片段长度多态性（ＰＣＲＲＦＬＰ）方法，分析了其ＨＬＡＤＰＢ１座位的基因型，并与正常对照进行比较。结果：发现ＨＬＡＤＰＢ１０４０２与ＭＧ呈负相关（１１．８６％ｖｓ．２６．９２％；ｒ＝０．１８４３，Ｐｃ＝０．０２８９，ＰＦ＝０．２２０３）；１９０１与ＭＧ则呈正相关（１５．２５％ｖｓ．０．９６％；ｒ＝６．２０８１，Ｐｃ＜０．０１，ＥＦ＝０．０６９０）。结论：ＨＬＡＤＰＢ１座位在ＭＧ的发病过程中具有重要作用。
Objective: To investigate the association of myasthenia gravis (MG) with HLA class I genes in Chinese Han population. Methods: Peripheral blood DNA from 59 myasthenia gravis patients were randomly selected. The genotypes of HLA-DPB1 locus were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCRRFLP) Normal controls were compared. Results: HLA-DPB1 * 0402 was found to be negatively correlated with MG (11.86% vs.26.92%; r = 0.1843, Pc = 0.0289, PF = 0.2203) (15.25% vs. 0.96%; r = 6.2081, Pc <0.01, EF = 0.0690). Conclusion: HLA-DPB1 locus plays an important role in the pathogenesis of MG.