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钢件淬火趁热校正,是减少细长杆状工件和薄板形工件变形的重要工艺手段。关于淬火趁热校正的原理,几十年来一直用热塑性的观点来解释,认为趁热校正是靠淬火冷却过程尚处于塑性好的过冷奥氏体状态来实现的。我们认为这种认识是不确切的。根据作者进行的试验研究,证明钢在热处理相变过程中具有显著的相变超塑性效应,即钢在相变过程中的塑性要比相变前后新旧组织的塑性提高几倍以至几十倍。本文根据试验结果,以钢在淬火过程中具有相变超塑性效应的观点,全面地阐明淬火趁热校正的原理,对淬火趁热校正的最佳时机问题进行了分析,并作了工艺验证。
Hot quenching steel while hot, is to reduce the slender rod-shaped workpiece and sheet metal deformation of important workmanship. On the principle of quenching while hot, has been used for decades thermoplastic point of view to explain that the hot correction is quenching and cooling process is still in the plastic state of supercooled austenitic to achieve. We think this understanding is not precise. According to the experimental study conducted by the author, it is proved that the steel has a significant phase transition superplastic effect during the heat treatment phase transformation, that is, the plasticity of the steel in the phase transformation process is several times or even several times higher than the plasticity of the old and new tissues before and after phase transformation. Based on the experimental results and the viewpoint that steel has the phase transition superplastic effect during quenching, this paper comprehensively expounds the principle of quenching while hot, and analyzes the optimal timing of quenching while hot, and verifies the process.