肺炎支原体可引起小儿上呼吸道感染、咽炎、气管炎、支气管炎、肺炎等疾病,还可导致肺外疾病。其发病人数有逐年增加趋势,其感染率占小儿肺炎10%~30%,有资料报道为17.8%。小儿患支原体肺炎,症状往往不太典型,容易引起误诊。从人体分离的16种支原体中,有5种对人有致病性,即肺炎支原体(M.pneumoinae,MP),解脲支原体(Uraeaplium,UU),人型支原体(M.homins, Mycoplasma pneumoniae can cause upper respiratory tract infection in children, pharyngitis, bronchitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and other diseases, can also lead to extrapulmonary disease. The incidence increased year by year trend, the infection rate accounted for 10% to 30% of children with pneumonia, there are data reported as 17.8%. Children suffering from Mycoplasma pneumonia, the symptoms are often less typical, easily lead to misdiagnosis. Of the 16 mycoplasma isolated from humans, 5 are pathogenic to humans, namely M. pneumoniae (MP), Uraeaplium (UU), M. homins,