急性羊水过多是羊水过度增加,超过1.5～2L,在数天或最多2周内形成,伴有明显的呼吸困难、腹壁极度紧张和腹痛、外阴水肿及早产。所有急性羊水过多将近60%病因不明,可能的原因是:(1)明显严重的糖尿病及隐性妊娠糖尿病;(2)胎儿畸形;(3)胎儿染色体畸形;(4)宫内感染;(5)免疫性及非免疫性胎儿水肿;(6)胎儿心脏功能紊乱。经腹羊膜穿刺检查羊水的下列参数:胎儿核型,甲胎蛋白(AFP)及乙酰胆硷酯酶(ACHE)、胰岛素浓度及弓形体病、李司忒氏菌病和布鲁氏菌病感染的抗体。作者1982～1986年观察95例中期妊娠急性羊水过多。31例原因不明或隐性糖尿病性新陈代谢,其中8例母亲孕前患胰岛素依赖性糖尿病,3例为妊娠性糖尿病。9例先天性畸形,其中4例 AFP 及 Acute amniotic fluid is an excessive increase in amniotic fluid, more than 1.5 ~ 2L, formed in a few days or up to 2 weeks, accompanied by significant dyspnea, extreme abdominal wall and abdominal pain, vulvar edema and premature delivery. Nearly 60% of all acute amniotic fluid causes are unknown, possibly due to: (1) significant and severe gestational diabetes mellitus; (2) fetal malformations; (3) fetal chromosomal abnormalities; (4) intrauterine infection; 5) immune and non-immune fetal edema; (6) fetal cardiac dysfunction. Transabdominal amniocentesis was used to check amniotic fluid for the following parameters: fetal karyotype, AFP and ACHE, insulin concentration and toxoplasmosis, Lee & apos; s disease and brucellosis antibody. The author from 1982 to 1986 observed 95 cases of acute amniotic fluid in mid-pregnancy. 31 cases of unexplained or hidden diabetic metabolism, of which 8 cases of pre-pregnancy pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes, 3 cases of gestational diabetes. 9 cases of congenital malformations, including 4 cases of AFP and