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黑龙江挠力河国家级自然保护区地处三江平原腹地，是东北亚地区重要的野生动物繁殖、栖息地和迁徙通道，同时也是多种珍稀野生植物的生存要地，在全球同一生物带中具有高度的代表性和典型性。新中国成立后，三江平原经历了三次大规模的开垦，在保护区成立之前，所在区域也受到了较为严重的人类生产活动的影响，不论是农业生产还是区域内生态安全、可持续发展都显现出了对退耕还湿的迫切需求。“,”Naoli river national nature reserve is located in the hinterland of the Sanjiang plain in Heilongjiang province. The reserve is important the breeding base, habitat and migration channels of wild animals in the northeast Asia, as well as the survival places for a variety of rare and precious wild plants with highly representative and typicality in the same biozone of the world. It is one of original “miniature” of the Sanjiang plain wetland landscapes. Sanjiang plain has experienced three times of large-scale reclamation after new China was founded, and the reserve was seriously affected by the human activities before the reserve was founded. Agricultural production, regional ecological security and sustainable development are in urgent demand of converting croplands to wetlands.