一、当今世界海洋发展形势当今沿海国家,无论是世界性大国还是区域性大国,都高度重视海洋权益的拓展和海洋资源的开发,纷纷制定实施国家海洋发展战略,明确其在涉及海洋开发利用领域的国家意志。1.美国。1890年～1991年冷战结束,美国奉行争夺海洋霸权的海洋安全战略,意在确保美国能够走出美洲、进入海洋、迈向世界,出台了一系列关于海洋安全的倡议和战略性文件 I. Current Situation of Ocean Development in the World Nowadays, the coastal countries, both big powers in the world and major regional powers, attach great importance to the expansion of maritime rights and interests and the development of marine resources. They have all formulated and implemented the national marine development strategy and made clear that they are involved in the field of marine development and utilization The national will. United States From the end of the Cold War between 1890 and 1991, the United States pursued a maritime security strategy that fought for maritime hegemony. It aimed at ensuring that the United States can move out of the Americas, enter the oceans and march into the world and have put in place a series of initiatives and strategic documents on maritime security