现有的基于部分污染物和有限指标的水质安全评价与控制的理论和方法,已不能全面和深刻地回答并解决水质的生态与健康风险问题。水质安全保障的理论、方法和管理必将因需而变。标准与效应协同控制是水质安全保障的根本方向。在水质安全里面,我认为风险管理的基础就是水质标准和水质基准。水质标准大家研究了很多,也发现了 Existing theories and methods of water quality safety assessment and control based on partial pollutants and limited indicators can not comprehensively and profoundly answer and solve the ecological and health risk of water quality. The theory, method and management of water quality and safety assurance will inevitably change as needed. Standard and effect of coordinated control is the fundamental direction of water quality and safety. In water quality and safety, I think the foundation of risk management is water quality standard and water quality standard. We studied a lot of water quality standards, but also found out