编写和重写文学史是文学史学的两个方面,二者既对立又统一,构成文学史学向前发展的内驱力。中国民间文学史的编写是一项艰巨的工程,自上个世纪30年代至今,同中国民间文学相关的文学史仅出了四部。该文分析了其得与失,认为重写中国民间文学史势在必行,并阐述了建构的基础及编写方案。 Writing and rewriting of literary history are two aspects of literary historiography, both of which are antithetical and unification, and constitute the internal driving force for the development of literary historiography. The preparation of the history of Chinese folk literature is a formidable project. Since the 1930s till now, the history of Chinese literature related to Chinese folk literature has only been four. This article analyzes its gains and losses, and believes that it is imperative to rewrite the history of Chinese folk literature. It also elaborates on the basis of its construction and its preparation.