回顾了中国遗传毒理学发展的三个阶段 :自 70年代末至 1983年为启动阶段 ,建立了一系列遗传毒性检测方法 ,筛检了大量环境化学物的遗传毒性 ,以及培训了大量专业人员 ,成立了中国环境诱变剂学会。自 1983～ 1993年为深入发展的关键阶段。遗传毒性检测方法标准化、规范化 ,开展遗传毒性机制的研究 ,遗传毒性试验列入新药、农药、食品、化妆品等安全性评价准则 ,并成立了中国毒理学会遗传毒理专业委员会。自 1993年至今 ,遗传毒理学进入了分子时代。建立了分子致突变测试系统 ,例如穿梭质粒载体系统 ,转基因动物致突变测试系统 ,以及其他应用分子生物学方法进行突变的分子分析等。开展了基因突变分子机制的研究 ,在非定标性突变方面取得了显著成就。并且 ,还回顾了遗传毒理在我国人类环境的现场监测、人群健康监测、遗传毒性与疾病、肿瘤的流行病学调查中的应用 The three stages of the development of genotoxicity in China were reviewed: from the late 1970s to 1983, a series of genotoxicity testing methods were established to screen the genotoxicity of a large number of environmental chemicals and to train a large number of professionals, China Institute of Environmental Mutagens was established. From 1983 to 1993 for the further development of the key phase. Genotoxicity testing methods of standardization, standardization, carry out research on genotoxic mechanisms, genotoxicity testing included in the new drug, pesticide, food, cosmetics and other safety evaluation criteria, and set up a toxicological Society of China Genotoxicity Committee. Since 1993, genotoxicity has entered the molecular age. A molecular mutagenesis test system has been established, such as shuttle plasmid vector system, mutagenesis test system of transgenic animals, and other molecular analysis for molecular mutation mutagenesis. The research on molecular mechanism of gene mutation has made remarkable achievements in non-standard mutation. And also reviewed the application of genetic toxicology in the on-site monitoring of human environment in our country, population health monitoring, genotoxicity and disease, epidemiological investigation of tumor