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建立监测网是大坝安全监测与滑坡监测研究中重要手段之一。为了适应快速高精度获取观测体变形量的需要,研制了工程变形监测网优化及自动化系统。系统由工程变形监测网优化设计的理论与方法、自动记录系统、信息通讯系统与数据处理系统四部份组成。第一部份解决了监测网起始数据误差及待定点位移测量精度关系的理论问题,并提出优化设计的三个有效方法——布网层次的优化设计、图形优化设计及特殊结构专用网的设计。实践表明,优化设计对提高监测网的设计精度与减少观测工作量有显著效果。后三个部份构成一个使观测数据从采集到处理由计算机实现的自动化系统。自动记录系统由WILD—T2000S电子经纬仪(含GRE3数据终端)和相应记录计算软件组成。信息通讯系统实现GRE3与PC1500之问的通讯及PC1500与相应计算机之间的通讯。数据处理系统主要包括平面网平差计算与短边三维网平差计算两个软件系统。监测网观测数据可由程序控制自动进入GRE3,通过PC1500存贮于电子记录模块,并传输到相应计算机处理。自动化系统已正式使用于三峡工程区域跨断裂部份三维网的观测计算工作中,证明该系统使用方便、运行可靠、提高工效显著。
Establishing monitoring network is one of the most important methods in dam safety monitoring and landslide monitoring. In order to meet the need of obtaining the deformation of observation body quickly and accurately, the optimization and automation system of engineering deformation monitoring network was developed. The system consists of theory and method of optimal design of engineering deformation monitoring network, automatic recording system, information communication system and data processing system. The first part solves the theoretical problem of the relationship between the initial data error of the monitoring network and the accuracy of the displacement measurement to be fixed, and puts forward three effective methods of optimizing the design - the optimal design at the network level, the graphic optimization design and the special structure special network design. Practice shows that optimal design has significant effect on improving the design accuracy of monitoring network and reducing the workload of observation. The last three parts form an automated system that enables the observation data to be collected and processed by the computer. Automatic recording system consists of WILD-T2000S electronic theodolite (including GRE3 data terminal) and the corresponding record calculation software. The communication between the GRE3 and PC1500 and the communication between the PC1500 and the corresponding computer. The data processing system mainly includes two software systems: plane network adjustment and short-side three-dimensional network adjustment. Monitoring network observation data can be automatically controlled by the program into GRE3, through the PC1500 stored in the electronic recording module, and transmitted to the appropriate computer processing. The automation system has been formally used in the observation and calculation work of the three-dimensional network across the fractured area in the Three Gorges Project Area. It proves that the system is easy to use, reliable and has obvious work efficiency improvement.