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退耕还林(草)工程在改善我国生态环境方面发挥了巨大作用,然而对于农民而言,失地即意味着失业,国家的补贴政策只能在短期内缓解退耕对农户种植业纯收入的冲击,一旦补贴停止,未找到新的收入来源的退耕农户是不是会选择复耕、破坏现有的成果就成了一个未知数。所以认为消极依靠政府的“输血”来维持的退耕还林工程,其经济可持续性令人堪忧,主张在后退耕时代,退耕政策要重视提高农民的自我发展能力,为退耕地区寻找新的经济增长点,为富余劳动力寻求新的就业途径。具体从规范畜牧业生产、发展林下经济、培育区域特色主导产业、形成现代农业组织模式、拓宽就业渠道与鼓励农民创业等几个方面展开讨论,探索退耕区后续产业的健康发展之路。
The project of returning farmland to forest (grassland) has played an important role in improving the ecological environment of our country. However, for the peasants, land loss means unemployment. The national subsidy policy can only shorten the impact of returning farmland to the net income of peasant households in a short period of time, Once subsidies cease, farmers who have not found a new source of income will choose to rehabilitate their crops and destroy existing ones. Therefore, it is considered that the sustainable development of the project of reverting cultivated land to forestry, which relies on the “blood transfusion” of the government, is worrisome. It is advocated that in the era of backward farming, the policy of returning land to farming should pay attention to improving the self-development ability of farmers and finding new Economic growth point for the surplus labor force to find new ways of employment. Specifically from the aspects of regulating livestock husbandry production, developing under-forest economy, fostering leading industries with regional characteristics, forming a modern agricultural organization mode, broadening employment channels and encouraging farmers to start their own businesses, the paper discussed the healthy development of follow-up industries in the area.