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吸烟所引起对某些药物动力学及药效学的影响,现介绍如下,以供参考。1.扑热息痛:吸烟者服用扑热息痛可加速其在肝脏的代谢,使药效减弱。但其他研究未能证实吸烟对扑热息痛代谢有显著性影响,并认为,即使给予该药物大剂量治疗指数,也未必由于代谢的加快,在临床上会引起严重性。2.可待因:尽管吸烟不会对可待因引起药动学方面的影响。但是,患者疼痛耐受性的降低,则可能会导致剂量需要的增加。3.度冷丁与吗啡:动物吸入卷烟烟雾后,可增加度冷丁及吗啡的肝代谢.但这些发现在人体中尚未进一步得到证实。4.镇痛新:吸烟可使镇痛新的代谢速率加快,吸烟者比非吸烟者镇痛新的t1/2可缩短40％.其机
The effects of smoking on some pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are presented below for reference. 1. Paracetamol: Paracetamol smokers can speed up the metabolism of the liver, so that the efficacy weakened. However, other studies have failed to confirm that smoking has a significant effect on the metabolism of paracetamol and believe that giving the drug a high-dose therapeutic index may not necessarily cause clinical problems due to the accelerated metabolism. 2. Codeine: Although smoking does not cause any pharmacokinetic effects on codeine. However, a reduction in patient pain tolerance may result in an increase in dosage requirements. 3. Dronedin and morphine: animals inhaled cigarette smoke, can increase the cold Ding and morphine liver metabolism, but these findings have not been further confirmed in the human body. 4. New analgesics: Smoking can speed up the new metabolic rate of analgesia, smokers than non-smoker analgesic new t1 / 2 can be shortened by 40%.