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电煤市场买方市场势力是解释电煤价格和煤炭产业经济效率的变化和理顺煤电关系的关键。从煤电纵向关系的角度出发,采用买方集中度和买方赫芬达尔指数对电煤市场买方市场势力进行测算,并检验了买方市场势力对煤炭价格、电煤价格以及煤炭产业经济效率的影响。结果表明:电煤市场买方市场势力不大;发电产业买方市场势力显著地降低了电煤价格、煤炭价格以及煤炭产业经济效率。协调煤电矛盾的政策选择在于:加快推进电力体制改革、实现电煤市场的完全市场化以及完善发电产业的市场化改革。
Market power buyer power in the coal market is the key to explain the changes in coal prices and coal industry’s economic efficiency and rationalize the relationship between coal and electricity. From the perspective of the vertical relationship between coal and electricity, the purchaser’s market power is calculated by using buyer concentration and Buyer’s Herfindahl index, and the influence of buyer’s market forces on coal price, coal price and coal industry’s economic efficiency is tested. The result shows that the coal market buyer has little market power and the buyer power market in power generation industry significantly reduces the coal price, the coal price and the coal industry’s economic efficiency. The policy options for coordinating the contradictions between coal and electricity lie in accelerating the reform of the power system, realizing the full marketization of the coal market and improving the market-oriented reform of the power generation industry.