本文全面分析了多维振动状态下旋转轴表面光的散射特性，提出了利用激光技术实施旋转轴系扭振和横振测量的方法。以扭振和横振的合并测量为基础，能实现两种振动的独立测量，且扭振测量不受轴系横振因素的影响。 In this paper, the scattering characteristics of the surface light of the rotating shaft in multi-dimensional vibration state are analyzed comprehensively, and the method of using the laser technology to implement torsional vibration and transverse vibration measurement of the rotating shaft system is proposed. Based on the combined measurement of torsional vibrations and transverse vibrations, independent measurements of both vibrations can be achieved and torsional vibration measurements are unaffected by the transversal vibration factor.