说到宋代这样一个历史时期,我们会有一种爱恨交加的感觉:一方面宋代是社会经济、制度建设、科技文化都领先于世界的时期,这点我们古今中外的史学家应该说没有什么异议。但是宋代同时也是周边受到挤压、内政因循求稳的一个历史阶段,当时面临着很多严峻的挑战,应该说它在战略格局和应对方式上都出现了非常严重的问题,所以我们会看到,宋代历史留给我们的教训也是很突出的。如果回到经济文化的成就这个角 Speaking of such a historical period in Song Dynasty, we would have a feeling of love and hate: On the one hand, Song Dynasty is a period in which socio-economic development, institutional construction and science and technology and culture are ahead of the rest of the world. Therefore, historians at home and abroad should say no objection . However, the Song Dynasty was also a period of history in which the periphery was squeezed and its internal affairs were steadily stabilized. At that time, it faced many serious challenges. It should be said that it posed a very serious problem in its strategic pattern and coping style. Therefore, we can see that, The lessons left by history of Song Dynasty are also outstanding. If you return to economic and cultural achievements of this corner