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利用助溶剂解决乙醇/柴油的相溶性问题,讨论了混合燃料中乙醇和助溶剂添加量对相溶性的影响,并使用助溶剂体积分数为1.5%、乙醇体积分数分别为5%、10%、15%的混合燃料及-20号纯柴油(分别表示为E5、E10、E15和E0)在发动机台架上进行了性能和排放试验。研究结果表明,柴油的烃组成是决定相分离温度的决定性因素;对全部测试油品,乙醇体积分数在10%、助溶剂添加体积分数为1.5%时,混合燃料相溶性较好。台架试验显示,随着混合燃料中乙醇掺烧比例的增加,发动机的燃油消耗率逐渐增加,而发动机的额定功率和最大扭矩逐渐降低,但最大扭矩降低的幅度较小;此外,随着乙醇掺烧比例的增加,CO比排放量减少,HC、NOx和PM的比排放量逐渐增加,但NOx和PM的比排放量增加幅度不大。10%体积分数的乙醇添加量是乙醇/柴油的最佳掺烧比。
The use of cosolvent to solve the problem of ethanol / diesel compatibility, discussed the effect of the amount of ethanol and cosolvent added on the miscibility in mixed fuels. The volume fraction of cosolvent was 1.5%, the volume fraction of ethanol was 5%, 10% Performance and emissions tests were performed on the engine gantry with 15% of the blended fuel and # 20 pure diesel (E5, E10, E15 and E0, respectively). The results show that the hydrocarbon composition of diesel oil is the decisive factor in determining the phase separation temperature. For all tested oils, the miscibility of the mixed fuels is better when the volume fraction of ethanol is 10% and the volume fraction of cosolvent is 1.5%. The bench test showed that with the increase of the proportion of ethanol blended in the blended fuel, the fuel consumption rate of the engine gradually increased while the rated power and maximum torque of the engine gradually decreased, but the magnitude of the maximum torque reduction was small. In addition, With the increase of blending ratio, the specific CO emission decreased, the specific emissions of HC, NOx and PM gradually increased, but the specific emissions of NOx and PM increased little. The addition of 10% ethanol by volume is the optimum blending ratio of ethanol / diesel.