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RNA干扰（ RNAi）技术是利用双链 RNA，高效、特异性降解细胞内同源信使 RNA，从而阻断特定基因表达，使细胞出现靶基因缺失的表型。与反义寡聚核苷酸技术相比，RNAi技术具有更高的特异性，是更有效的方法。目前，RNAi技术是肿瘤基因治疗领域的一个热点技术，它抑制癌基因表达及肿瘤血管生成，沉默细胞凋亡相关基因、肿瘤转移相关基因及肿瘤耐药相关基因，在肿瘤基因治疗领域显示出广阔的应用前景。“,”RNA interference ( RNAi ) technology triggers the degradation of a homologous messenger RNA with high efficiency and specificity by double-stranded RNA,thus blocks the specific gene expression, and causes the cells lack of target genes phenotypic.Compared with the antisense oligonucleotide technology, RNAi technology has a higher specificity,and is a more effective method.Currently,RNAi technology is a hot technology in the field of tumor gene therapy,which inhibits the expression of oncogenes and tumor angiogen-esis,silences apoptosis-related genes, tumor metastasis-related genes and tumor resistance-related genes. RNAi technology shows wide application prospects in the field of tumor gene therapy.