公营企业的发展印度1947年独立后,政府一方面在农业、服务业和消费品生产领域中维护私有经济的发展,另一方面对能源、原材料、重化工工业、国防工业以及航空、铁路、邮电、金融等17个经济核心部门采取优先发展公营经济的“控制制高点”的政策,限制私营经济成份的发展,并对银行实行国有化。这就形成了在国民经济中公营和私营经济并存的“混合经济”。印度的公营企业主要是指政府投资建立 Development of Public Enterprises After India became independent in 1947, the government maintained the development of the private economy in the fields of agriculture, service industry and consumer goods production. On the other hand, the government provided energy, raw materials, heavy chemical industry, defense industry, as well as aviation, railways, Financial and other 17 economic core departments to give priority to the development of public economy “control high ground” policy, restricting the development of the private sector, and the nationalization of banks. This forms the “mixed economy” in which the public and private sectors of the economy coexist in the national economy. Public enterprises in India mainly refer to the establishment of government investment