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近十年来随着超声诊断技术的进步,人们对胎儿颈部结构特别是上呼吸道—上消化道的兴趣日益增加。由于采用了高分辨超声和彩色多普勒结合的技术,使人们得以精确地描述胎儿呼吸、吞咽和发声时上呼吸道的活动形式,也揭示了这些功能活动能影响上呼吸道解剖形态。但迄今研究胎儿上呼吸道、特别是气管正常大小的报道极少,而且均未涉及其它结构活动时对上呼吸道功能的影响。本文目的是应用高分辨超声技术获取胎儿气管、咽、喉直径的标准参数,并探讨其用于产前诊断气管和食道闭塞性疾患的可能性。
In recent ten years, with the progress of ultrasonic diagnosis technology, people are increasingly interested in the fetal neck structure, especially the upper respiratory tract-upper gastrointestinal tract. The combination of high-resolution ultrasound and color Doppler technology allows one to accurately characterize the activities of the upper respiratory tract during fetal respiration, swallowing, and vocalizations, as well as revealing that these functional activities can affect the anatomy of the upper respiratory tract. But up to now, there have been few reports on the upper respiratory tract, especially the normal size of the trachea, and none of them has any impact on upper respiratory tract function when other structural activities are involved. The purpose of this paper is to use high-resolution ultrasound technology to obtain the standard parameters of the fetal trachea, pharynx and larynx diameter and to explore the possibility of prenatal diagnosis of tracheoesophageal and esophageal occlusive disease.