论文部分内容阅读
以可利用磷基本耗竭的黑土为供试土壤,采用盆栽试验方法,研究种植羽扇豆、大豆和玉米后,土壤中各种有机磷和无机磷形态转化及有效性的变化情况。结果表明,在可利用磷源基本耗竭的土壤上种植作物,作物生长的潜在磷源主要是O-P和Al-P。对于O-P形态磷,种植羽扇豆、大豆和玉米后土壤中的含量与对照相比分别降低了7.5%、15.0%和15.0%,Al-P分别降低了17.5%、-2.5%和10.2%。这说明不同品种作物利用土壤中各形态潜在磷源的能力不同。减少的无机磷主要供给源有所不同,羽扇豆主要是Al-P和O-P;大豆为O-P;玉米为Al-P和O-P。土壤中的有机磷库以MLOP和MROP为主,此外,土壤中LOP、MLOP和HROP含量受作物影响较小,而MROP受作物的影响较大。种植羽扇豆、大豆和玉米后土壤中的MROP含量比对照处理分别降低了74.5%、63.7%和36.4%。可见,羽扇豆对土壤中MROP形态有机磷的分解矿化或转化能力最强。羽扇豆对HROP形态有机磷的影响明显比大豆和玉米大,种植羽扇豆后土壤中HROP含量比种植大豆、玉米和对照土壤低47.1%、42.9%和47.6%。种植作物显著地影响着土壤中MROP形态有机磷的含量,但是不同作物作用的结果有明显的差异,作用的大小顺序为大豆>羽扇豆>玉米。
Pot experiments were used to study the changes of the forms of organic phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus in soil and the changes of their availability after planting lupins, soybean and maize. The results showed that the potential phosphorus sources for crop growth were mainly O-P and Al-P, when crops were grown on soils that could be depleted of phosphorus sources. For O-P forms of phosphorus, the content of soils grown in lupins, soybeans and maize decreased by 7.5%, 15.0% and 15.0%, respectively, compared with the control, Al-P decreased by 17.5%, -2.5% and 10.2%, respectively. This shows that different varieties of crops use different forms of potential phosphorus sources in different capacities. The main sources of inorganic phosphorus reduction are different, with lupins mainly being Al-P and O-P; Soybean being O-P; and Maize being Al-P and O-P. In the soil, the organic phosphorus pools dominated by MLOP and MROP. In addition, the content of LOP, MLOP and HROP in the soil was less affected by the crop, while the MROP was more affected by the crop. MROP content in soils planted with lupins, soybeans and maize decreased by 74.5%, 63.7% and 36.4%, respectively, compared with the control. It can be seen that Lupins have the strongest ability to decompose, mineralize or transform MROP-form organophosphates in the soil. The effects of Lupinus on HROP species were significantly greater than those of soybean and maize. The soil HROP content after planting lupins was 47.1%, 42.9% and 47.6% lower than that of soybean, corn and control soils. Crops significantly affected the content of organophosphorus (MOP) in soils, but there were significant differences in the effects of different crops on the order of soybean> lupine> corn.