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本文从社会性别视角和后结构主义主体理论出发,以对女作家韦君宜20世纪50年代创作的小说《女人》的细读为例,探讨国家意识形态与国家主流性别话语对妇女主体性形成的多种可能性,以此作为对笼统否定中国“自上而下”的社会主义妇女解放运动的态度的一种回应。本文认为毛泽东时代有关性别平等、社会性别中性和同志关系的社会性别话语参与到了当时女性主体的话语构建过程中,它们承接五四启蒙运动中淡化性别差异的独立人格、两性平等的话语,为一种脱离本质主义的,反对性别二分对立性别主体的建立创造了条件,为女性摆脱客体化的他者地位,发展自身的能动性提供了可能性。
Based on the gender perspective and the post-structuralist theory, this article takes the close reading of the novel The Woman, a novel written by the writer Wei Junyi in the 1950s, to discuss how the national ideology and the mainstream gender discourse of the state formed the majority of women’s subjectivity As a response to the general attitude towards the “top-down” socialist liberation of women in China. This paper argues that the gender discourse on gender equality, gender neutrality and gay relations in Mao Zedong’s time participated in the discourse construction of the female subject at that time. They took on the independent personality and the gender equality discourse in the May Fourth Enlightenment, The establishment of a divisive essentialist gender object opposed to essentialism has created the conditions for women to get rid of their status as the object of others and to develop their own initiative.