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“哥伦比亚”号航天飞机是世界上第一架航天飞机,1981年4月12日首次升空。它长约56米,高23米多,起飞重量约2000吨,由上下两部分组成。上部是轨道器,长约37米,翼展约23米,自重68吨,其形状与大型喷气式客机相似。轨道器是航天飞机的主体,是航天飞机中惟一可载人的部分,也是真正在地球轨道上飞行的部件。驮着轨道器的是两台固体推进器和一个外贮箱。处于两台固体推进器之间的外贮箱也是一个庞然大物,它长47米,直径约8米,内部装有上千吨的“燃料”——液氢和液氧,它们是轨道器上主发动机的推进剂。
The space shuttle Columbia was the world’s first space shuttle and was first launched on April 12, 1981. It is about 56 meters long, 23 meters high, take-off weight of about 2,000 tons, composed of two parts from top to bottom. The upper part is an orbiter, about 37 meters long, about 23 meters wingspan, weighing 68 tons, its shape and large jet airliner similar. Orbiter is the main body of the space shuttle, the space shuttle is the only part of manned, but also the real part of orbital flight. The launcher is equipped with two solid propellers and an outer tank. The outer tank between the two solid propellers is also a monster, 47 meters long and about 8 meters in diameter filled with thousands of tons of “fuel” - liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen - Engine propellant.