(一) 如果我们把一对夫妇加一个孩子的家庭称之为独子女家庭的话,那么它将成为我国现代城市家庭的主要模式。随着社会的政治、经济和文化的发展、独生子女化必将成为一种趋势。我们可以预计,将来即使政府允许人们生育第二胎,但独生子女仍然会成为城市人民所选择的生育方式。独生子女在给我们带来新的家庭结构方式的同时,也给我们提出了如何对独生子女进行社会化敎育的重大问題。美国、西德和苏联的一些心理和医学专家经过长期的研究,得出独生子女是“问題儿童”、“独生子女本身就是一种疾病”的结论(参见钟启泉《独生子女问題浅析》,《外国敎育资料》1980年第四期第57页)。我们尚且不论证其正确与否,但我们从大多数独生子女在形成其人格过程中所出现的不完全社会化的迹象中,可以认为独生子女与非独生子女相比,较多地存在着一些问題,諸如任性、自私、骄傲自大、不合群等等。这些缺点固然可以通过各种敎育途径加以矫治,但如果让其任意发展,则可能养成 (A) If we call a family of one couple plus one child an only child’s family, then it will become the main model of the modern urban family in our country. With the political, economic and cultural development of society, one-child development will surely become a trend. We can expect that in the future, even if the government allows people to have a second child, the only child will still be the one chosen by the urban people. While the only children brought us a new way of family structure, they also gave us the major issue of how to carry out the socialization and education of only children. Long-term studies by some psychologists and medical experts in the United States, West Germany and the Soviet Union have drawn the conclusion that only children are “problem children” and “only children themselves are a disease.” (See Zhong Qiquan’s “Analysis of Only Children,” " Foreign Fertility Information, No. 4, 1980, p. 57). We still do not argue that it is correct or not, but from the signs of incomplete socialization that most only children have in forming their personality, we can think of as many children as the only child compared with non-only children Problems, such as self-willed, selfish, arrogant, unlucky and so on. Although these shortcomings can be corrected by various means of education, if they are allowed to develop arbitrarily, they may develop