非正式组织这一概念是美国哈佛大学教授梅奥通过霍桑实验首次提出来的.梅奥在霍桑工厂挑选了14名男工在单独的房间里从事绕线、焊接和检验,并对这个集体实行特殊的个人计件工资制度。实验者设想,实行这套方法,工人为了得到更多的报酬,会更加努力工作,从而达到最高的生产率。但实验结果,每个工人的平均日产量都差不多,保持在中等水平上。经过深入调查发现,在工人中形成一些规范来维持这一状况。他们约定,谁也不能干得太多,突出自己;谁也不能干得太少,影响全 The concept of informal organization was first proposed by the Harvard University professor Mayo through the Hawthorne experiment. Mayo selected 14 male workers in the Hawthorne factory to perform winding, welding and inspection in separate rooms, and this Collectively implement a special personal piece-rate wage system. The experimenter assumed that by implementing this method, workers would work harder in order to get more rewards, thereby achieving the highest productivity. However, as a result of the experiment, the average daily output of each worker was similar and remained at a medium level. After an in-depth investigation, it was found that some norms were formed among workers to maintain this situation. They agreed that no one can do too much to highlight himself; no one can do too little, affect the whole