声晋嘶哑和呼吸困难为喉疾病的两个主要症状,在成人则以声哑较多,而在儿童和婴儿则以呼吸困难较为常见,并常具有严重意义。产生呼吸困难的原因除喉和上呼吸道的阻塞外尚有心脏性、肺脏和气管性、中毒性和中枢性等原因。因此,临床医师对每一患有呼吸困难者应首先决定其属于何种原因,更应肯定其是否为喉原性,因为对后者气管切开有救命的作用。鉴别各种原因的呼吸困难一般不应有困难,找到原发疾病即能诊断。喉原性呼吸困难有以下几点特征:有音哑或发音变化,咳嗽似犬吠音,在儿童更为明显。呼吸困难为一种吸气性困难,可以听到阻塞在喉部,呼吸速度并不增加。有锁骨上窝、心窝、肋骨间在吸气时內陷。重的病例有不安静、发绀或脸色苍白、出冷汗等现象。 Ching hoarseness and dyspnea are two major symptoms of laryngeal disease, with more dumbness in adults, while dyspnoea are more common in children and infants, and often have serious implications. The causes of dyspnea in addition to throat and upper respiratory tract obstruction, there are cardiac, lung and trachea, toxic and central and other reasons. Therefore, clinicians for each suffering from dyspnea should first determine what belongs to their own reasons, but also should be sure if it is laryngeal, tracheotomy because of the latter a lifesaving role. Difficulty in discriminating various causes of dyspnea generally should not be difficult to find the primary disease that can diagnose. Hypopharyngeal dyspnea has the following characteristics: a sound dumb or pronounced changes, coughing canine bark, more pronounced in children. Dyspnea, a type of inspiratory difficulty, can be heard clogged in the throat without increasing respiratory rate. There are supraclavicular fossa, heart socket, retraction between the ribs in the inspiratory. Heavy cases are not quiet, cyanosis or pale, a cold sweat and so on.