目的了解牧区蒙族学龄儿童感觉统合失调分布特点和影响因素。方法应用感觉统合量表和行为问题Ｒｕｔｅｒ教师问卷（全部翻译为蒙语问卷），调查锡盟某旗２所小学９６３名儿童。结果５项轻度失调率８８３％～１１７３％，重度失调率为２９１％～３９５％，综合５项内容，感觉统合轻度重度失调率为２０６６％和９１４％，男孩轻重度失调率均较女孩高，有行为问题儿童的轻重度感觉统合失调率较无行为问题的儿童高。结论牧区蒙族儿童感觉统合失调率较北京城区和国外报道低，感觉统合失调与儿童行为问题关系密切。 Objective To understand the characteristics and influencing factors of sensory integration disorders in Mongolian school-aged children in pastoral areas. Methods A total of 963 children from 2 elementary schools of a certain flag in Ximeng District were investigated using the Syllabus of Ruter Teacher Questionnaire (all translated into Mongolian Questionnaire). Results Five mild dysregulation rates ranged from 8383% to 1173%, and severe dysregulation rates ranged from 291% to 395%. According to the five items, the mild-to-moderate dysfunction rates of sensory integration were 2066% and 9  14%, boys have higher rates of dyslipidemia than girls, children with behavioral problems have a higher rate of sensory dysregulation than those without behavioral problems. Conclusions The rate of sensory integration dysfunction in Mongolian children in pastoral areas is lower than that in Beijing urban areas and foreign countries. Sensory imbalance is closely related to children’s behavioral problems.