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目的建立适用于亚急性贫铀吸入性肺损伤研究的犬模型。方法将26只犬随机分为对照组(n=6)、低剂量组(n=10)和高剂量组(n=10)。3组犬麻醉后经气管插管,行左侧肺灌注,对照组给予0.2ml/kg生理盐水,低、高剂量组分别给予低浓度(10mg/ml)和高浓度(100mg/ml)贫铀混悬液。记录贫铀灌注后各组犬的生存时间,观察时间截止为贫铀灌注后30d。在灌注后31d,对存活犬行胸部CT检查,处死后取肺组织行病理检查。结果在30d的观察期内,对照组动物无死亡,低剂量组中1只犬在贫铀灌注后22d死亡,其余犬存活均超过30d;高剂量组所有犬均在30d内死亡,存活时间11.2±8.9(中位值12)d。高剂量组与低剂量组和对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000),但后两组比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.439)。低剂量组肺组织的病理学改变主要为肺泡腔内炎细胞渗出、出血及透明膜形成,肺泡壁毛细血管扩张、充血,肺间质炎细胞浸润;胸部CT显示左肺片状渗出和实变影。结论采用贫铀混悬液以2mg/kg剂量行单侧肺灌注所建立的犬模型,适合用于进行1个月内亚急性贫铀毒性的实验研究。
Objective To establish a canine model suitable for the study of sub-acute depleted uranium inhalation lung injury. Methods Twenty-six dogs were randomly divided into control group (n = 6), low dose group (n = 10) and high dose group (n = 10). The dogs in the three groups were anesthetized and intratracheal intubated. Left lung perfusion was performed. The control group was given 0.2ml / kg saline. The low and high dose groups were given low enriched (10mg / ml) and high concentration (100mg / ml) depleted uranium Suspension. The survival time of dogs in each group after perfusion of depleted uranium was recorded, and the observation time was 30 days after the depleted uranium perfusion. Thirty days after perfusion, chest CT was performed on surviving dogs, and pathological examination of lung tissues was performed after sacrifice. Results In the observation period of 30d, there was no death in the control group. One dog in the low dose group died at 22d after depleted uranium infusion and the remaining dogs survived for more than 30d. All dogs in the high dose group died within 30d and the survival time was 11.2 ± 8.9 (median 12) d. There was a significant difference between the high dose group and the low dose group and the control group (P = 0.000), but there was no significant difference between the latter two groups (P = 0.439). Pathological changes in the low-dose group of lung tissue mainly for alveolar endophthalmitis exudate, hemorrhage and hyaline membrane formation, alveolar wall telangiectasia, congestion, interstitial lung inflammatory cell infiltration; thoracic CT showed left pulmonary effusion and Realistic video. Conclusions A dog model of unilateral uterine lung perfusion with depleted uranium suspension at a dose of 2 mg / kg is suitable for the experimental study of subacute depleted uranium toxicity within 1 month.