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目的根据日照市2010-2013年手足口病(HFMD)的疫情资料,分析HFMD流行特征和变化趋势。方法采用描述性流行病学方法和圆形分布方法,运用Excel2007和spss18.0对资料进行分析。结果 2010~2013年日照市累计报告HFMD病例22361例,年均发病率为197.54/10万。HFMD发病有明显地季节性,2010-2013年日照市手足口病的发病高峰为5月13日~8月16日。各区县东港区发病数和发病率最高。2~6岁的男童发病较多。2010-2013年合计检测手足口病病例标本1281份,肠道病毒核酸阳性的955份,平均阳性率为74.55%,其中,EV71病毒核酸阳性的481份,阳性率为37.55%;Cox A16病毒核酸阳性的271份,阳性率为21.16%;其他肠道病毒核酸阳性的203份,阳性率为15.85%。每年阳性标本病毒分型构成比的差异有统计学意义(χ2=362.90,P<0.001),四年间病毒分型构成比的两两比较结果均有统计学意义(P<0.001),其中2011年与2013年之间的差异最小,2012年分别与2011年和2013年之间的差异较大。结论日照市手足口病发病主要集中在5~8月。2~6岁的男童是手足口病的重点监测人群。EV71和Cox A16随年度交替流行。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trends of HFMD based on the epidemic data of HFMD from 2010-2013 in Rizhao City. Methods Using descriptive epidemiological method and circular distribution method, the data were analyzed by Excel2007 and spss18.0. Results A total of 22 361 HFMD cases were reported in Rizhao from 2010 to 2013, with an average annual incidence of 197.54 / 100 000. The incidence of HFMD is obviously seasonal. The peak incidence of HFMD in 2010-2013 is from May 13 to August 16. Donggang District, the highest incidence and incidence of disease. 2 to 6-year-old boy more incidence. A total of 1281 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were detected in 2010-2013, 955 were positive for enterovirus nucleic acid, with an average positive rate of 74.55%. Among them, 481 were positive for EV71 virus, with a positive rate of 37.55%. Cox A16 viral nucleic acid Positive 271, the positive rate was 21.16%; 203 other positive intestine virus nucleic acid positive rate was 15.85%. There were significant differences in the constituent ratio of positive samples among each year (χ2 = 362.90, P <0.001), and the comparisons between the two groups were statistically significant (P <0.001) With the smallest difference between 2013 and 2013, and the difference between 2012 and 2011 and 2013 respectively. Conclusion The incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease in Rizhao City mainly concentrated in May to August. Boys aged 2 to 6 years are the key monitoring population for HFMD. EV71 and Cox A16 alternating with the annual popularity.