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目的:为临床应用第2骶椎螺钉内固定术治疗腰骶部病变提供解剖学基础。方法:1.在60块干燥骶骨上,对第2骶椎及其相关结构进行观测;2.在25具尸体标本上观测骶前和骶管内神经血管。3.在50例正常成人志愿者的S2椎体中部行CT扫描,观察螺钉的置入角度和深度。结果:1.第2骶骨椎体、侧突、侧块具有足够的空间。背侧有内、外两个区域适于进针。2.第2骶椎前、后有丰富的血管、神经,只在椎体前有出钉安全区。3.经外侧区向S2椎体置钉,进针角度为（40±4）°,深度为（35.8±4.0）mm,经内侧区向S2侧块置钉进钉角度为（28±3）°,深度为（45.4±4.1）mm。结论:第2骶椎行常规直径的螺钉（4.5～6.5mm）固定具有可行性。但要注意进钉的角度、方向和深度,同时宜采用相应的加强螺钉稳固性的措施。
Objective: To provide anatomical basis for the clinical application of the second sacral screw fixation in the treatment of lumbosacral lesions. Methods: 1. The sacral vertebrae and their related structures were observed on 60 dry sacrums; 2. The neurovascular structures in presacral and caudal sacs were observed on 25 corpse specimens. In 50 normal adult volunteers in the middle of the S2 vertebral CT scan to observe the screw placement angle and depth. Results: 1. The second sacral vertebra, lateral process, lateral mass has enough space. Dorsal with inner and outer two regions suitable for needle. 2 before the second sacral vertebrae, rich in blood vessels, nerves, only in front of the vertebral nail out of a safe area. 3. The lateral vertebral body was placed into the S2 vertebral body. The angle of the needle was (40 ± 4) ° and the depth was (35.8 ± 4.0) mm. The nailing angle was (28 ± 3) °, depth (45.4 ± 4.1) mm. Conclusion: It is feasible to fix the second sacral vertebra with conventional diameter screws (4.5 ~ 6.5mm). But pay attention to the nail into the angle, direction and depth, at the same time should adopt appropriate measures to strengthen the stability of the screw.