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郑观应(1842-1921),广东香山县(今中山县)人,中国近代著名的维新思想家和实业家,也是“商战”问题的系统论述者。在其脍炙一时的著作《盛世危言》中有专论商战2篇,商务5篇,商船2篇。长期以来,关于郑观应商战思想的研究资料较多,但往往是立足于其“富国”的一面,而对“强兵”一面重视不够。鉴于郑观应商战思想是在国家安全受到极大威胁的历史背景下产生的,与军事问题有着密不可分的联系,本文拟从国防经济角度出发,重新挖掘其思想的另一部分。一、基于经济安全的国防安全观与同时代一般人着眼于政治和军事不同,郑观应着重揭露了西方列强经济侵略的危害性。他认为外国列强侵略中国的根本目的是借战争或和平的手段进行经济掠夺,把中国变成他们的“取材之地,牟
Zheng Guanying (1842-1921), Xiangshan County, Guangdong Province (now Zhongshan County), the famous modern thinker and industrialist in modern China, are also systematic discourse on the issue of ”commercial warfare.“ In his highly anticipated book ”Spiritual crisis“ there are 2 monographs, 5 business and 2 commercial ships. For a long time, there are many research materials about Zheng Guanying’s commercial war mentality, but often it is based on its ”rich country“ side and not enough on ”strong soldier“ side. In view of Zheng Guan-ying’s commercial warfare thought was born under the historical background that national security was greatly threatened, it was closely linked with the military issue. This paper intends to re-excavate another part of its thinking from the perspective of national defense economy. First, based on economic security, the concept of national defense and security and the contemporary general public focus on political and military differences. Zheng Guanying should highlight the dangers of economic aggression by Western powers. He believes that the fundamental purpose of the foreign powers’ invasion of China is to plunder their economies by means of war or peace and turn China into their ”source of land"