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目的了解婚龄期妇女对艾滋病知识及性行为、生殖卫生自我防护的掌握情况,为今后开展艾滋病、性病健康教育提供依据。方法 2013年1~6月对到临朐县妇幼保健院查体的婚龄期妇女采取自愿、不记名方式进行问卷调查,调查问卷自行设计。结果调查503人,平均年龄24岁,47.72%为初中以下学历,农村居民占67.19%,艾滋病防治知识总知晓率63.45%,城镇、农村居民知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。婚前性行为发生率为90.66%、发生首次性行为平均年龄为(19±1.23)岁,最早15岁;商业性性行为使用安全套的比例占62.42%;妇科方面不适(包括外阴瘙痒、白带多、痛经)的有70.78%,愿意进行检查治疗的只占31.74%;有就诊经历的调查对象选择医院进行检查治疗的占24.78%,选择去私人诊所的占38.05%,37.17%是自己到药店买药。结论非传播途径知晓率较低,安全套的使用率较低,生殖卫生自我防护意识淡薄。加强婚龄期妇女尤其是来自农村文化程度较低的婚龄期人群艾滋病知识的健康教育,掌握卫生知识,加强自我防护是控制婚龄期妇女感染艾滋病性病的重要措施。
Objective To understand the knowledge of women in marriage age and sexual behavior, reproductive health self-protection situation, to provide the basis for future AIDS and STD health education. Methods From January to June 2013, women of marriage age who came to Linchuan MCH hospital were surveyed voluntarily and anonymously. The questionnaire was designed by themselves. Results A total of 503 people were surveyed, with an average age of 24 years and 47.72% of them had junior high school education, accounting for 67.19% of rural residents and 63.45% of AIDS prevention and control knowledge respectively. There was significant difference in awareness rate between urban residents and rural residents (P <0.01). The incidence of premarital sexual behavior was 90.66%, the average age of the first sexual act occurred was (19 ± 1.23) years old, the earliest 15 years old; the proportion of commercial sexual behavior using condoms accounted for 62.42%; gynecological discomfort (including genital itching, vaginal discharge, Dysmenorrhea) were 70.78%, willing to check the treatment of only 31.74%; have experience in the treatment of the survey selected hospital treatment accounted for 24.78%, choose to go to private clinics accounted for 38.05%, 37.17% of their own to the pharmacy to buy medicine . Conclusion The awareness rate of non-transmission route is low, the condom use rate is low, and awareness of reproductive health self-protection is weak. Strengthening the health education of AIDS-related knowledge among women of marriage-age, especially from the marriage-age population of lower educational level in rural areas, mastering hygiene knowledge and strengthening self-protection are the important measures to control AIDS-related STD in marriage-aged women.