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一、前言在芳香亲电取代反应中,芳环上已存在的基团对反应性能的影响,称为取代基效应。一般包括取代基的电子效应、定位效应和立体效应等。它们是有机化学的重要课题之一,一直受到广泛的注意。长期的研究,积累了大量资料和数据,本文结合亲电取代的历程及原子之间相互影响的理论,对这些带有基础性的问题作进一步的探讨,并尽可能在量的基础上予以说明,这对芳环上取代反应的深入了解,具有重要的意义。
First, the introduction In the aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction, aromatic groups on the existing groups on the reaction performance, known as the substituent effect. Generally include the electronic effects of substituents, positioning effects and three-dimensional effects. They are one of the most important topics in organic chemistry and have received a lot of attention. Long-term research, accumulated a large number of data and data, this paper combines the electrophilic substitution history and the theory of interaction between atoms, with these basic issues for further discussion, and as much as possible on the basis of the amount described , Which has deep significance for the substitution reaction on the aromatic ring.