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[目的]了解居民的吸烟状况,探讨吸烟等因素对血脂水平的影响。[方法]2006年,在青岛市城乡抽取5 474名35岁以上居民,调查吸烟情况,检测身高、体重、空腹血糖(FPG)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C),采用多元逐步回归分析影响血脂水平的因素。[结果]调查5 474人,吸烟率为24.22%。吸烟率,男性为49.10%,女性为8.55%(P<0.05);35～44岁为23.68%,45～54岁为25.85%,55～64岁为24.07%,65～74岁为21.70%,≥75岁为20.00%(P>0.05)。多元逐步回归分析结果,空腹血糖高、超重、肥胖,每天吸烟10支以上者TG水平高,女性TG水平低;年龄大、空腹血糖高、超重、肥胖、每天吸烟30支以上者TC水平高;年龄大、空腹血糖高、超重、肥胖者LDL-C水平高,每天吸烟10～19支者LDL-C水平低;女性、年龄大、轻体重者HDL-C水平高,空腹血糖高、超重、肥胖者HDL-C水平低。[结论]青岛市城乡居民吸烟率较低,影响人体血脂水平的因素有性别、年龄、空腹血糖、超重、肥胖、吸烟量等。
[Objective] To understand the smoking status of residents and explore the influence of smoking and other factors on blood lipid levels. [Methods] In 2006, 5 474 residents over the age of 35 were sampled in urban and rural areas of Qingdao to investigate the smoking status, and detect the height, weight, fasting blood glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The factors influencing blood lipid levels were analyzed by multivariate stepwise regression analysis. [Results] A total of 5 474 people were investigated. The smoking rate was 24.22%. Smoking rates were 49.10% for males and 8.55% for females (P <0.05), 23.68% for 35-44 years, 25.85% for 45-54 years, 24.07% for 55-64 years, 21.70% for 65-74 years, ≥ 75 years old was 20.00% (P> 0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that high fasting blood glucose, overweight and obesity, high TG level and low TG level in women with more than 10 cigarettes smoked per day, high TC levels of 30 and over 30 smokers with high age, fasting blood glucose, overweight and obesity. LDL-C levels are high in older, fasting and overweight, overweight and obese people. LDL-C levels are low in 10-19 patients who smoke daily. High levels of HDL-C are found in women with large and light weight, high fasting blood glucose, Obese HDL-C levels are low. [Conclusion] The smoking rate of urban and rural residents in Qingdao is relatively low. The factors influencing the level of human blood lipid are gender, age, fasting blood glucose, overweight, obesity and smoking.