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目的：了解我国2012年骨关节标本来源细菌分布及耐药状况。方法常规方法培养分离骨及关节标本中的细菌，用纸片扩散法、微量稀释法或E－test法测定细菌药物敏感性。结果2012年从557家三级医院骨及关节标本中共分离出2636株细菌，排在前5位的分别是肺炎克雷伯菌（370株，14.0％）、大肠埃希菌（348株，13.2％）、鲍曼不动杆菌（319株，12.1％）、金黄色葡萄球菌（252株，9.6％）和铜绿假单胞菌（167株，6.3％）。金黄色葡萄球菌对苯唑西林的耐药率为36.0％，未发现万古霉素和利奈唑胺耐药葡萄球菌。大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和阴沟肠杆菌对头孢曲松的耐药率分别为64.6％，33.0％和37.4％，对碳青霉烯的耐药率低于2％。铜绿假单胞菌对碳青霉烯类药物、头孢他啶和头孢吡肟的耐药率均低于20％，对喹诺酮类药物的耐药率在10％左右。鲍曼不动杆菌对碳青霉烯类药物的耐药率低于40％，对阿米卡星的耐药率为18.8％。洛菲不动杆菌对碳青霉烯类药物的耐药率不足1％，对哌拉西林和头孢吡肟的耐药率不足10％。结论三级医院骨及关节标本分离细菌以革兰阴性菌为主，可能与初始治疗经验性覆盖葡萄球菌有关。不同病原菌对抗菌药物敏感性不同，这些数据为骨及关节感染治疗时抗菌药物的合理使用和细菌耐药监测提供依据。“,”Objective To investigate the bacterial distribution and resist-ance to antibiotic of bone and joint infection in China, 2012.Methods The bacteria isolated from bone and joint in the tertiary hospitals were routinely identified.Disc diffusion test, minimum inhibitory concentra-tion ( MIC) test and E-test were used to detect the antimicrobial sensi-tivity.Results All the clinical stains isolated from 557 tertiary hospi-tals.2636 pathogenic strains were collected from bone and joint speci-men, which included Klebsiella pneumonia 370 strains (14.0%), Esche-richia coli 348 strains ( 13.2%) , Acinetobacter baumannii 319 strains (12.1%), Staphylococcus aureus 252 strains (9.6%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 167 strains ( 6.3%).The resistant rate of Staphylococcus aureus strains to oxacillin were 36.0%, no vancomycin and linezolid re-sistant isolate were found.The resistant rate of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Enterobacter cloaecae strains to ceftriaxone were 64.6%, 33.0%and 37.4%, respectively, the resistant rate to imipenem were<2%.The resistant rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to carbapenem,ceftazidime and cefepime were <20%, the resistant rate to quinolone were <10%.The resistant of Acinetobacter buamannii to cabarpenem were <40%, the resistant rate to amikacin were 18.8%.The resistant rate of Acinetobacter lwoffii to cabarpenem were <1%, and the resistant rate to pipercillin and cefepime were <10%.Conclusion Gram negative bacteria were predominant organism in bone and joint infections in China, it may be related to the initial em-piric therapy always cover Staphylococcus.There were some difference in bacterial resistance to different antibiotics.These data present information for the proper treatment of bone and joint infections.